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How much does naturopathy treatment cost in India?

What is the price of the treatment in India? – In India the treartment cost can be anywhere between INR 1250 to INR 3000 per session depending on the practitioner’s remuneration and the popularity of the center from where you are seeking naturopathic treatment.

What is Nimba?

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The Nimba represents the mother of fertility, who is a protector of pregnant women and who presides over agricultural ceremonies. Nimba is the joy of living and the promise of an abundant harvest. During traditional ceremonies, Nimba is a cultural reminder of this Baga social practice.

The Baga are a West African group on the coast of the Republic of Guinea known for their agricultural success, especially with rice. This artwork is a headdress that is worn over the shoulders of a male dancer accompanied by an enormous fibre or grass dress during ceremonies. These Nimba masks are highly prized and auctioned around the world.

Their fragile nature means many break during transportation. Nevertheless, Nimba have been brought into several permanent collections, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City and the Art Institute of Chicago. This gift was presented by the Republic of Guinea to the United Nations.

What are the benefits of naturopathy?

7. Safe & effective treatment: – Naturopathic practice aims at treating the underlying disease & disorders & restoring the natural body functions by encouraging the body’s own healing capacities. It assist’s the body’s healing powers by using safe & effective non-pharmaceutical approaches.

It is a highly individualized treatment that involves facilitating effective restoring techniques, self-care decisions, and much more which can prevent future health problems.Naturopathy stimulates positive thinking, lowers stress, anxiety & depression, improves overall health, enhances outlook, boosts optimism, improves one’s ability to cope with health-related issues.It is an individualized treatment that aims at transforming one’s overall well-being.

: What is Naturopathy & how does it benefit you? – Wellness Retreats Near Mumbai

How successful is naturopathy?

Naturopathic physicians are often successful at treating chronic conditions that don’t respond to conventional medicine. This includes, but is not limited to: fatigue, pain, sleep disturbance, and digestive disorders.

What are the 5 types of Nimba?

All five parts of Nimba ( root,bark, leaf, flower, fruit ) have been used in compendia separately or collectively (Panchang) in various ailments.

What are the benefits of Nimba herb?

Neem uses, qualities – Neem Benefits – Ayurveda Generally all parts of neem have following health benefits. Sheeta – Nimba imparts cooling qualities to the body. Laghu – undergoes digestion and absorption pretty easily and quickly. Grahi – helps in absorbing moisture from the intestine.

Dries up and cleans up the moisture in wounds and ulcers. Katu – has pungent taste. It also undergoes pungent taste conversion after digestion. Tikta – has bitter taste Agnikrut – improves digestion process Vatakrut – increases Vata Ahrudya – not so good for heart. Shramahara – relieves tiredness Truthara – relieves excessive thirst.

Since it decreases Pitta, it is useful in fever and associated thirst. Kasahara – Helps to relieve cough. It is very useful in infective respiratory problems. It has anti-microbial properties. Jwarahara – Useful in fever, due to its potent anti microbial phyto-chemicals.

• Aruchihara – Helps to relieve anorexia.
• Bitter tasting herbs, though very difficult to consume, have this unique property of relieving anorexia.
• Rumihara – Actual translation is – relieves worms.
• Nimba is useful in intestinal worms, infested wounds, and as an anti -microbial agent.
• Vranahara – Helps to cleanse and heal wounds quickly.

Pitta – Kaphahara – Balances Pitta and Kapha. Note that, though neem has cold quality, it helps to balance Kapha (which also has cold quality). This is due to its other properties such as Katu vipaka (pungent taste conversion after digestion). Chardi – hrillasa hara – Helps to relieve nausea and vomiting Kushtahara – Useful in numerous skin diseases Mehanut – Useful in diabetes and disorders related to urinary tract.

Does naturopathy have side effects?

Naturopathic medicine is a system that uses natural remedies to help the body heal itself. It embraces many therapies, including herbs, massage, acupuncture, exercise, and nutritional counseling. Naturopathy was brought to the United States from Germany in the 1800s, but some of its treatments are centuries old.

Today, it combines traditional treatments with some aspects of modern science. The goal of naturopathic medicine is to treat the whole person – that means mind, body, and spirit. It also aims to heal the root causes of an illness – not just stop the symptoms. A naturopathic doctor may spend 1 to 2 hours examining you.

They’ll ask questions about your health history, stress levels, and lifestyle habits. They may order lab tests. Afterwards, they will typically discuss your personal health plan, Naturopathic medicine focuses on education and prevention, so your doctor may give you diet, exercise, or stress management tips.

• They might use complementary medicine – like homeopathy, herbal medicine, and acupuncture – in addition to naturopathic treatments.
• They may also use touch, such as massage and pressure, to create balance in your body.
• This is called naturopathic manipulative therapy.
• You can find people who support naturopathic medicine in hospitals, clinics, community centers, and private offices.

They fall into three groups, and they all have different educations and backgrounds:

Naturopathic physicians: These are also called naturopathic doctors (ND) or doctors of naturopathic medicine (NMD). They usually attend an accredited four-year, graduate-level school. There they study basic sciences similar to those studied in conventional medical school. They also study nutrition, psychology, and complementary therapies such as herbal medicine and homeopathy. Some states and territories require naturopathic doctors to become licensed. That means they have to pass an exam to practice and take continuing education classes. Traditional naturopaths: These practitioners don’t attend an accredited naturopathic medical school or receive a license. Their education varies widely. Healthcare providers: Some medical doctors, dentists, doctors of osteopathy, chiropractors, and nurses have training in naturopathic medicine. Many are either NDs or they studied naturopathy.

Before choosing a naturopathic practitioner, ask about their education or training and your state’s licensing requirements. Naturopathic medicine is used for a wide range of health issues. Some of the more common ones include:

Allergies Headaches Fertility issuesDigestive problems Obesity Hormonal imbalances Chronic pain Chronic fatigue syndrome

In some states, licensed naturopathic doctors can perform minor surgeries, like stitching up a small wound. They can prescribe certain medications, And they might even serve as your primary care doctor. Naturopathic doctors may receive additional training in natural childbirth,

• You don’t have to be sick to try naturopathy.
• You may just want to boost your overall health or prevent an illness.
• Don’t use it for an emergency or issue that requires a visit to the hospital, like major surgery.
• Nor should it be used in place of conventional medicine for serious conditions, like cancer and heart disease,

A few naturopathic treatments have known side effects and risks:

Supplements (vitamin and herbal): Some of these may interfere with prescription medications. In large doses, certain vitamins may raise your risk of a disease like cancer, Spinal adjustments: As part of naturopathic manipulative treatment, your practitioner may apply pressure to your spine. This can damage arteries, nerves, bones, and spinal discs. In rare cases, it may lead to a stroke, Detox diets: These treatments are meant to rid your body of toxins. They involve cutting out certain foods or fasting, That means going for periods without eating. This can be dangerous for people with some chronic conditions, like diabetes, If you’re on the diet for a long time, you run the risk of not getting enough vital nutrients,

Tell your doctor if you’re thinking about trying naturopathy. They can make sure the treatments are safe and don’t interact with any other drugs you’re taking. You shouldn’t stop or delay your conventional medical care because of naturopathic medicine.

It may be an option for people who might not find relief for their chronic illness through traditional medicine. In some cases, you can use both conventional and naturopathic medicine to treat an illness. For example, naturopathic remedies may help ease the side effects of chemotherapy, But remember to tell your regular doctor about any naturopathic treatments you’re on.

And, you should tell your naturopathic doctor about your conventional medications. That way, both providers can work as a team for your health.

What are disadvantages of naturopath?

It has the potential for side effects. The vitamins and herbal supplements used in naturopathy treatment may interfere with the efficacy of conventional medications Some herbal remedies may cause adverse side effects or interact with prescription medications.

Are naturopaths safe?

1. Numerous research studies of naturopathic treatments for common conditions such as heart disease, diabetes 2, chronic low back pain 3, and anxiety 4 have shown that naturopathic medicine is both safe and effective. – Significant research shows that lifestyle-change programs that focus on nutritional interventions, exercise, and emotional well-being can sometimes reverse the progression of chronic disease safely and effectively.

Naturopathic medical treatment plans focus on these and other therapies, such as botanical medicine, clinical nutrition, hydrotherapy, and counseling to name just a few. Naturopathic and conventionally trained doctors may also work together to deliver safe and effective health care, One such example is cancer care.

For cancer patients, surgeons, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists provide surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation as primary treatments while naturopathic doctors support a patient’s vitality and natural ability to heal, which helps them tolerate the often difficult side effects of conventional cancer treatments.

What is the difference between naturopathy and homeopathy?

Homeopathy and naturopathy are two unique forms of natural therapy that have been practised since the 18th century. One of them deals solely with homeopathic remedies, and the other a much wider variety of treatments. In this article, we provide a comprehensive breakdown of homeopathy vs naturopathy, including the definition of each, and the key differences between them, so that you can select the best possible natural therapy for your circumstances. Homeopathic remedies contain tiny doses of healing substances Homeopathy is an alternative medicine based on the idea of treating “like with like,” in order to activate the body’s natural defences. For example, onion makes your eyes water, so if you’re suffering from watery eyes due to allergies, a homeopath might create a remedy that includes tiny doses of onion.1 Homeopaths prescribe natural substances from plants, minerals, and animals that create similar reactions to a patient’s symptoms, as a means to alleviate them.

1. Before being given to a patient, substances are mixed in a solution of water or alcohol (called “potentization”), which weakens them substantially and transfers the substance’s healing essence into the solution.
2. Very small doses of the substances are used in remedies.
3. Homeopathy is used to treat a number of health issues, including allergies, migraines, depression, and irritable bowel syndrome.

What is naturopathy? Naturopathy is a broad practice that includes nutrition, herbal remedies, and more Naturopathy is an alternative medicine that aims to stimulate the body’s self-healing abilities. It is a natural, holistic approach to health that is based on the principles of a nutritious diet, fresh water, sunlight, exercise, and managing your stress.

This can encompass a variety of treatments like herbal remedies, nutritional supplements, dietary advice, detoxification, hydrotherapy, and offering lifestyle advice, which can be a combination of natural methods and traditional scientific methods. Patients who undergo naturopathic treatments are treated as individuals, and treatment involves the entire body, not just the area of their body that is affected.

The focus is also on the cause of health issues, not just the symptoms. Homeopathy vs naturopathy Homeopathy and naturopathy are often confused, despite them being entirely different forms of natural medicine. The biggest difference between the two is their scope of practice, with naturopaths being able to provide a much wider variety of treatments such as nutritional advice, massage, and counselling.

Homeopaths, on the other hand, can only provide homeopathic remedies to patients. Homeopathy is something that naturopaths can provide as part of their treatment plan, but homeopaths cannot provide many of the treatments that naturopaths offer. That means naturopaths have many more tools in their arsenal.

However, both are based on holistic natural therapy principles and the body’s ability to heal it itself. Both naturopaths and homeopaths aim to treat people holistically—focusing on their entire health rather than individual symptoms. The naturopath does this by considering the genetic, environmental, and social factors that contribute to their patient’s health.

• Homeopaths aim for something called the “single remedy,” which is created based on the patient’s physical, emotional, and mental symptoms, and should cure all of these at once.
• Naturopaths and homeopaths both provide non-invasive treatments, and homeopaths take this one step further by providing the lowest possible amounts of substances in their remedies, which they believe maximises its healing effect.

Both modalities believe in the body’s natural tendency towards health, and naturopaths want to remove “obstacles” that prevent it from doing so. As part of their treatment, naturopaths may focus on something called “prevention,” such as avoiding foods that are bad for you.

1. This isn’t something that homeopaths consider.
2. In addition to this, naturopaths have a strong focus on educating their patients on how to achieve optimum health and wellbeing, but homeopaths do not.
3. They simply mix and prescribe the remedies that they believe will provide relief for their patients, and improve their health.

Homeopaths use something called provings, which is a detailed account of how a remedy makes a patient feel. Naturopaths don’t practise this (although they may consider it if they are providing homeopathic treatment). Depending on their career paths, naturopaths may complete more thorough training than homeopaths, They typically complete a Bachelor of Health Science in Naturopathy, but can extend their study with a Masters.

	Homeopathy	Naturopathy
Treatments	Homeopathic remedies	Homeopathy, herbal remedies, nutrition, supplements, hydrotherapy, lifestyle advice, physical medicine, massage, counselling
Conditions treated	A huge variety of conditions, including: Asthma Hay fever or other allergies High blood pressure Ear infections Rheumatoid arthritis Acanthosis nigricans Androgenic alopecia Dry cough Azoospermia Indigestion and flatulence Blepharospasm (eye twitching) Acid reflux Depression, stress, anxiety	A huge variety of conditions, including: Digestive or gastrointestinal issues Low immunity or energy Fatigue General aches and pains Stress-related ailments Hormone imbalance, fertility issues and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) Male and female reproductive health Skin, sleep and weight concerns Cardiovascular issues Migraines and headaches Joint health and degenerative illnesses, including arthritis
Principles	The Law of Similars The Single Remedy The Minimum Dose Provings	First, do no harm The healing power of nature Find and treat the cause whenever possible, not only the symptoms Doctor as teacher Treat the whole person Education and prevention
Training in Australia	No current training offered in Australia.	Bachelor Of Health Science (Naturopathy) Master Of Naturopathic Medicine

So after learning more about homeopathy vs naturopathy, which is better? As you might expect, this can’t really be answered because it depends on why you’re seeking treatment. If you’re looking for relief from a specific condition, you may want to review the “conditions treated” list and determine which is best for you.

For example, if you’re looking for a way to improve your immune system, a naturopath might be the right therapy for you. But if you have a niggling dry cough that you want to be treated, homeopathy could be your best bet. Finally, if you’re wanting to improve your health more generally and achieve a higher sense of well-being, a naturopath can do exactly this, and so is better suited for your needs.

It all comes down to what you’re trying to achieve. Naturopaths and homeopaths both have their strong points, so be sure to understand what you’re trying to get out of the treatment, and select the therapist that seems to be most appropriate. Good luck! References

Homeopathy: What You Need to Know, WebMD

Is naturopathy spiritual?

What is Naturopathy? Naturopathy is a system of alternative medicine which works with the body’s innate ability to heal itself using biochemical, structural and mental/emotional therapies to bring balance and health back to the body. Naturopaths are trained to recognise the uniqueness of every person and their individual predispositions to disease.

1. They therefore fully understand which therapies will support a client and which therapies would be suppressive for certain individuals.
2. Naturopaths have many years of training in the underlying philosophy that underpins this discipline.
3. This philosophy is an amalgamation of Eastern medical disciplines, herbal lore and homeopathy and recognises each person as an individual.

When working with a client they incorporate an understanding of Herings Law of Cure, seasonal and lunar rhythms, resonance of diseases, the importance of the balance of the inner terrain, Miasms, various constitutions, toxic accumulation and ability to detoxify, suppressive events, electrolyte imbalances and the effects of stress on the acid/ alkaline balance of the body.

• They are therefore trained to look at the visible and also invisible aspects of their client.
• No other discipline looks at heath and disease with such depth and understanding.
• Furthermore, their training allows them to assess a client’s vital force, their constitution, their pre-dispositions and to understand the root of their symptoms.

In addition, they are also taught the progression of disease in the body and are therefore fully aware of how each individual will react to the stresses of life or indiscretions within their diet or lifestyle. A naturopath is trained to recognise which therapies are needed for their clients at each step of the journey back to full health.

1. There are six rules which naturopaths abide by: First, do no harm The length of training that Naturopaths undertake allows them to accurately assess the vitality of each client, their detoxification capacity, the cause of their symptoms and their constitution.
2. It also allows them to understand the weaknesses of the person, and their likely detoxification reactions and the progression of symptoms if not corrected.

This information allows them to tailor a complete programme which will allow the healing power of nature to assist with a return to health. Viz Medicatrix Naturae ‘The Healing Power of Nature’ Naturopaths have a Wholistic approach. They address the body, mind and spirit as a whole.

1. Naturopaths understand that the body has an innate ability and wisdom to be able to heal itself, given the right circumstances, unless the life force has been weakened to such an extent that only maintenance of a health issue is appropriate.
2. They are trained to recognise the vitality of an individual and how to access this vitality as part of the healing process.

All registered naturopaths are trained to recognise how the various systems of the body interact and support one another. If one system is weak or compromised then this will impact other systems in the body. Naturopaths are trained in a variety of disciplines and will always address structure, biochemistry and mental, emotional and spiritual aspects of each person that they work with.

They are fully aware that it is the individual healing ability of their client, and not the supplements, herbs or body treatment given, that makes the difference in return to health. Docere: doctor as teacher. The origin of the word ‘doctor’ is ‘teacher’ and this is an important part of a naturopathic consultation.

Naturopaths are trained to understand the effects of seasonal and lunar changes and the impact these have upon vitality, health and disease symptoms. Naturopaths also teach their clients how to understand their own individual disease progress, their pre-dispositions, what their constitution is, and therefore their individual strengths and weaknesses, and offer a diet and lifestyle to their client that is designed to help them return to health.

Identify the cause, not the symptom Naturopaths are trained to take into account pre-dispositions, inherited factors, nutrient deficiencies, biochemical imbalances, structural problems and, most importantly, how mental, emotional and spiritual factors affect health. A programme will always take all of these considerations into account.

Treat the whole person Naturopaths always work with a wholistic approach and aim to balance the whole body, mind and spirit via the various disciplines that they practice. These disciplines will always include a form of bodywork, psychosocial/counselling skills and nutrition.

Guiding each and every one of their decisions is the underlying naturopathic philosophy which gives them an in-depth understanding of each and every person that they see. Prevention is preferable to cure Naturopaths continue to teach their clients about the importance of a healthy diet and lifestyle which allows the vital energy to remain strong and for the healing power of nature to assist the body with its natural seasonal detoxifications.

: What is Naturopathy?

How often should you see a naturopath?

When Should I see a Naturopath? You might have friends or family that visit naturopathic doctors, or noticed in your extended healthcare plan the section for Naturopathy and thought why would I see a naturopath? I’ll tell you the most common reasons that my patients come to visit me. And I’ll tell you what we DON’T do as well. When to see an ND:

Your hormones are a disaster. PMS for days, heavy periods, insane cramps. Naturopaths can help with this! Your gut health is off. You’re always bloated and you can’t figure out if you’re eating something that is bothering you. You’re trying to get pregnant, Whether you’re pre conception, you are pregnant or are coming for a check-in post pregnancy, naturopaths support women during these hormonal transitions because it is NOT easy growing a tiny human inside of you and we need a little extra care during these months. It’s also extra important around pregnancy to be on a safe and effective treatment plan with your supplements. Your mood is off. You’ve been seeing a therapist for a while but think there might be something else going on. You might benefit from an alternative treatment like a supplement for mood to compliment your current mood management plan. You’re having back pain or tight muscles and want some pain relief with acupuncture. I work with a sports medicine doctor, athletic therapist, physiotherapist and RMT. Acupuncture is a great compliment to their treatment plans. When I’m not talking about hormones, a lot of my time is spent doing acupuncture. You pay into a benefit plan and are curious about what a naturopath does so you want to try it out. You might be someone who wants to come in once or twice a year for a check-in just make sure you’re taking the right vitamins, are eating a relatively clean diet or want a bloodwork check-in that goes into a bit more depth than your GP ran this year on your physical check up.

When NOT to see an ND:

You want some drugs ! We don’t prescribe pharmaceuticals. We use evidence based natural alternatives like supplements, botanical medicine and dietary suggestions. Your MD will get you the proper support you need with your pharmaceutical treatment plan. Keep in mind, naturopaths have extensive pharmacology training so we understand your medications and can safely guide your vitamin plan to ensure there are no interactions. We encourage you to have a holistic health care plan including conventional medical treatments to be at your best. You’re in need of immediate medical attention, No emergencies please! We’re on a whole other end of the healthcare spectrum. We’re more the preventative guys looking after your health issues. Your local hospital would be happy to see you during an emergency.

Ready to get your digestive troubles, period problems or mood issues under control?Step 1: send me an e-mail. Tell me you want to book in for a digestion consultation OR hormone consultation OR general lifestyle [email protected]

Step 2: check your benefit plan. how many times can you come per year? If it’s 3-4 times this let’s us know how often check-ins work for you so that we can send you off with a treatment plan that will last you that length of time. Ideally visits are 4-6 weeks when working on chronic issues.

Or weekly for a period of time if you are having acupuncture treatments. But some people come once or twice a year. Step 3: Your appointment might be virtual. How does that work? I will send you a link to your email a few minutes before our appointment and you simply open the link and we can chat over video.

Grab a cup of tea, get cozy and we can start to go in depth on your health and what types of treatments would be best for you. I’m looking forward to working with you. : When Should I see a Naturopath?

Is Naturopathy a medicine?

Naturopathy—also called naturopathic medicine—is a medical system that has evolved from a combination of traditional practices and health care approaches popular in Europe during the 19th century.

What is Nimba range?

Nimba Range, mountain chain extending in a southwest–northeast direction along the Guinea–Côte d’Ivoire–Liberia border. It reaches its highest elevation at Mount Nimba (5,748 feet ). Surrounded by lowland rain forest to the south and savanna to the north, the mountains are the source of the Nuon (Nipoué, Cestos) and Cavalla rivers, which form the Liberia–Côte d’Ivoire boundary.

All three countries have set aside nature and forest reserves on the mountain slopes. The range has considerable mineral wealth; extensive iron-ore deposits were mined by the Liberian American-Swedish Minerals Company (Lamco) after 1963 and exported via the 168-mile (270-km) company railroad to the port of Buchanan.

A mining concession was granted to Consafrique, a European consortium, to mine the Guinean section of the range after an agreement had been reached with Liberia to use the Lamco railway. Britannica Quiz Africa’s Physical Features This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy McKenna,

What country is Nimba in?

Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve – UNESCO World Heritage Centre Located on the borders of Guinea, Liberia and Côte d’Ivoire, Mount Nimba rises above the surrounding savannah. Its slopes are covered by dense forest at the foot of grassy mountain pastures.

They harbour an especially rich flora and fauna, with endemic species such as the viviparous toad and chimpanzees that use stones as tools. Description is available under license Situé aux confins de la Guinée, du Liberia et de la Côte d’Ivoire, le mont Nimba domine les savanes environnantes. Ses pentes, couvertes d’une forêt dense au pied d’alpages de graminées, recèlent une flore et une faune particulièrement riches, avec des espèces endémiques comme le crapaud vivipare ou les chimpanzés qui se servent de pierres comme d’outils.

Description is available under license يقع جبل نيمبا عند تخوم غينيا وليبيريا وكوت ديفوار وهو يُطلّ على السافانا المحيطة به. ففي منحدراته المغطاة بغابة كثيفة عند قدم مراعٍ من النجيليّات حياةٌ نباتيّةٌ وحيوانيّةٌ غنيّةٌ، ناهيك عن أصناف مستوطنة مثل الضفدع الولود أو القردة التي تستخدم الحجارة على أنّها أدوات.

source: UNESCO/ERI Description is available under license 宁巴山位于几内亚、利比亚和科特迪瓦的边境，高高耸立在一片草原之上，草原高山的脚下覆盖着浓密的森林。这一地区拥有特别丰富的动植物，还有一些当地特有的动物，如胎生蟾蜍和以石头当工具的黑猩猩。 source: UNESCO/ERI Description is available under license,,, -`, ё,,,,,, source: UNESCO/ERI Description is available under license Situado en los confines de Guinea, Liberia y la Côte d’Ivoire, el monte Nimba domina un paisaje circundante de sabanas.

Sus laderas, cubiertas por un bosque denso que crece al pie de praderas de gramíneas, albergan una flora y una fauna de especial riqueza, con especies endémicas como el sapo vivíparo o chimpancés que utilizan piedras como utensilios. source: UNESCO/ERI Description is available under license Het natuurreservaat Mount Nimba ligt op de grens van Guinee, Liberia en Ivoorkust.

1. Het gebiedwordt gedomineerd door een bergketen, met de berg Nimba als hoogste punt (1.752 meter) en bevat ongeveer vijftig waterbronnen.
2. De berghellingen zijn op de lagere plekken bedekt met dichte bossen en grazige bergweiden die overlopen in een bijzonder rijke inheemse flora, uniek voor het hele Afrikaanse continent.

Ze omvatten inheemse bedreigde diersoorten, zoals de levendbarende pad en chimpansees die stenen gebruiken als gereedschap. De totale oppervlakte van het reservaat is 17.540 hectare, waarvan 12.540 hectare ligt in Guinee en 5.000 hectare in Ivoorkust.

• Source: Brief synthesis A veritable « water tower » with about fifty springs between the Côte d’Ivoire and Guinea, the Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve is dominated by a chain of mountains that culminate at 1,752 m altitude at Mount Nimba.
• The slopes, covered with dense forest at the lower levels, with grassy mountain pastures, overflow with particularly rich endemic flora and fauna.

Extending over a total of area of 17,540 ha, with 12,540 ha in Guinea and 5,000 ha in Côte d’Ivoire, the property is integrated into the public domain of the two States. This Reserve contains original and diverse species of the most remarkable animal and plant populations, not only in West Africa, but also in the entire African continent; notably threatened species such as the Micropotamogale of Mount Nimba (Micropotamogale lamottei), the viviparous toad of Mount Nimba (Nimbaphrynoides occidentalis) and chimpanzees that use stones as tools.

Criterion (ix): Part of the rare mountainous chains of West Africa, Mount Nimba rises abruptly to an altitude of 1,752 m above a rolling panorama and giving way to forested plains at the lower altitudes. It is an isolated refuge covered with montane forests, making the landscape of the Gulf of Guinea an exceptional site from the ecological perspective.

Its geomorphological characteristics and its sub-equatorial montane climate of strong seasonal and altitudinal contrasts produce a rich variety of microclimates. This latter factor has contributed to the individualization of an insolite plant and fauna population, as well as a dynamic and exceptionally varied ecosystem.

Criterion (x): Its unique geographical and climatic location combined with its biogeographical background provides the Nimba chain with one of the most remarkable diversities of the whole West African region. It is also one of the only sites of the Gulf of Guinea with a strong endemism potential. The wide range of habitats in the Reserve with its numerous niches enables the property to provide shelter to more than 317 vertebrate species, 107 of which are mammals, and, to more than 2,500 invertebrate species with a strong endemism level.

The viviparous toad of Mount Nimba (Nimbaphrynoides occidentalis), critically threatened with extinction due to its very reduced breeding area, only lives in high altitude habitats. Another endemic species in danger of extinction is the micropotamogale of Mount Nimba (Micropotamogale lamottei), a small semi-aquatic insectivore.

1. Several species of threatened primates are also present, including chimpanzees capable of using tools.
2. The Reserve contains a very important plant population, with a dense forest covering the lower level of the massif up to 1,000 m altitude, replaced higher up by a montane forest rich in epiphytes.
3. The massif of Nimba has summits that extend over 15 km in length and covered with montane savanna.

More than 2,000 species of vascular plants, including several endemic or quasi-endemic plants have been recorded. Integrity The property includes almost the totality of the massif of Nimba located in Guinea and the Côte d’Ivoire. Today, the Reserve covers an area of about 17,540 ha of which 12,540 ha in Guinea and 5,000 ha in Côte d’Ivoire.

• The part of the massif located on the territory of Liberia is greatly degraded due to former mining activities.
• The property therefore includes the necessary sufficient habitats to sustain its integrity.
• In the Guinean part, an enclave where mining has occurred is directly adjacent to the property.
• Even if this exploitation is technically outside the property, it remains questionable as to whether it may be worked without affecting the integrity of this property.

Protection and management requirements Since 1944, Mount Nimba enjoys the status of strict protection in its northern part – today shared between Guinea and Côte d’Ivoire. The Reserve is clearly delineated by its natural boundaries (water ways) recognized and respected by the neighbouring populations.

In Côte d’Ivoire, its status has been strengthened by Law 2002-102 of 11 February 2002 that confers the quality of public domain inalienable to the State. All the land rights of the Reserve are now the exclusive property of the State and any installation of human activity is prohibited. In addition to the legal framework, the Ivorian State has established a reinforced institutional framework that decentralises certain administrative functions to the Ivorian Office of Parks and Reserves (OIPR) by decree No.2002-359 of 24 July 2002 and to the Foundation for Parks and Reserves (FPRCI) to seek permanent funding.

With regard to Guinea, the 1944 status remains the legal basis for protection. It is important that this protection is transcribed in Guinean law by means of a legal process. The administration of the Reserve is assured by a public establishment of administrative and scientific character (Centre for the Management of the Environment of Mount Nimba-Simandou (CEGENS)) under the responsibility of the Ministry of Environment, Water and Forests and Sustainable Development.

The Guinean part was pronounced Biosphere Reserve in 1980. The massif is threatened by increased pressure adjacent to the boundaries of the site, caused by the neighbouring populations and increased demographic pressure. Although the natural forests that cover the slopes of Nimba have not suffered much damage, on the contrary, the fauna has been the subject of very intense poaching.

The need for land for agriculture and cattle breeding has strengthened the traditional practice of clearing by fire. These anthropic fires occur regularly in the protected area, constituting an important administrative challenge. The participation of the neighbouring population in conservation measures is indispensible to remedy these problems.

When was Nimba found?

The Nimba Mountains are located directly to the southeast of Bossou. Nimba is situated 230 km northwest of the Taï Forest, where a community of chimpanzees has been intensively studied since 1976 (Boesch, 1978). The Nimba Mountains were established as a nature reserve in 1943 in Côte d’Ivoire, and in 1944 in Guinea. The reserve extends over 220 sq. km and its highest peak, Mont Richard Molard, is at 1752m. The reserve on the Guinean side extends over 13,000 ha and 5,000ha on the Côte d’Ivoire side. The Nimba Mountains are cut up by deep, richly forested valleys. There is great topographical diversity, with valleys, plateaux, rounded hilltops, rocky peaks, abrupt cliffs and bare granite blocks, and the whole area constitutes a vast water catchment.

1. The Nimba Mountains have attracted the interest of scientists, including geographers, geologists, soil experts, botanists, zoologists and other specialists ever since the late 1930’s (Kortlandt, 1986).
2. Botanical, zoological and geological inventories have consequently been completed.
3. The single most important work, a comprehensive and extensive record of the flora of the Nimba Mountains, was produced by Adam (1971-1983).

The Nimba Mountains are characterized by evergreen forest of medium altitude (Guillaumet & Adjanohoun, 1971). The region below 800 m is entirely covered by primary tropical forest and, above 800 m, where the mountain becomes steeper, the vegetation is interspersed with montane forest and patches of high terrestrial herbaceous vegetation and savanna.

Thus, there are three vegetation types which dominate the Nimba mountains (WCMC, 1982): 1) High altitude grassland near the summit and woody plants on the slopes, which are absent from the ridges; interspersed with patches of montane forest, dominated by Myrtaceae species, and Marantaceae and Zingiberaceae growth.2) Savanna varying depending on the hardness and geological structure of the soil and supporting numerous herbaceous plant communities.

The savanna is broken by gallery forests between 1,000m and 1,600m. Parinari excelsa is a dominant species above 1,000m, where there is also an abundance of epiphytes.3) Predominantly primary forest, located mainly on the foothills and in the valleys, with dominant species including Triplochiton scleroxelon, Chlorophora regia, Morus mesozygia, Terminalia ivorensis, Lophira procera, Tarrieta utilis, Chrysophyllum gambia ( perpulchrum ), and Mapania spp,

1. Drier mid-altitude forests with trees such as Triplochiton scleroxelon, Piptadeniastrum africanum, and Parkia bicolor are also found most commonly on the steeper slopes of the massif on the Cote d’Ivoire side.
2. More than 2,000 plant species have been described from the Nimba region, and about 16 are thought to be endemic (Adam, 1971-1983).

The area has, as a result, been identified as a center of plant diversity under the IUCN-WWF Plants Conservation Program (IUCN/WWF, 1988). The Governments of both Guinea and Côte d’Ivoire have also organized since 1982 various missions and training conferences together with UNESCO in order to redefine the problems of ecosystem protection in the Nimba Mountain region (Pascual et al, 1988; Pascual et al, 1989). Sooty Mangabey ( Cercocebus torquatus atys ) in Nimba 2006 A female chimpanzee in Nimba. She has a very young infant on her belly (not visible).2006

Is naturopathy legal in India?

Regulations needed for naturopathy Naturopathy as a healing practice in India can be traced back to the Vedic times. However, the modern naturopathy movement started in the 19th century from Europe, and also led to the revival of the ancient science in India.

• Naturopathy believes ‘food as medicine’ and consists of a tried and tested treatment modality to cure diseases and heal the body without the need for drugs or invasive treatments.
• A Naturopath will first diagnose the underlying condition, and then try to identify the principal cause behind the condition, even if it involves taking into account factors that are more immediate than the biochemical and biomechanical.
• The patient is then put on a healthy regimen for ameliorating the body’s vital power and initiating self-healing.
• The healing crisis is promoted by improving the body’s inflammatory response, boosting the immune system and reviving the metabolism.

Harmful pathogens and toxins are removed from the system with the help of naturopathic interventions such as fasting, hydrotherapy, mud therapy and yoga therapy. Last, but not least, the patients are closely counselled by doctors to ensure that they stick to the recommended lifestyle changes.

1. To establish naturopathy as evidence-based medicine, it is important to undertake regular and long term clinical trials on a large scale that help collect scientific evidence of the efficacy of naturopathy treatments.
2. Without the backing of sufficient evidence, it remains easy to dismiss naturopathy as an anecdotal science without enough evidence to prove its efficacy.
3. Although the central government established the Central Council for Research in Yoga and Naturopathy to facilitate research in yoga and naturopathy, it is an area that definitely remains underexplored.

Some naturopathy hospitals and medical institutions are making concerted efforts to explore their potential as a legitimized alternate system of medicine. However, their hard work has been severely impeded by unethical people who exploit gullible patients, and erode their trust in naturopathy.

• In India, both naturopathy and yoga come under the umbrella of the AYUSH ministry.
• There are proper councils for all alternative systems of medicine except naturopathy and yoga, with extensive guidelines on medical education, code of professional conduct, as well as recognition of accredited institutions and hospitals.

Although the central government has taken steps to promote the benefits of naturopathy and yoga with the help of autonomous bodies, we still have a long way to go before it gains legitimacy in the public eye as a scientific, methodical, and relatively harmless system of drugless and alternative treatments.

• We need regulatory bodies governing the practice of naturopathy, much like the way the Indian Medical Council governs allopathic medicine.
• Laws must be instituted to make clinical trials mandatory for manufacturers selling naturopathy based products and institutes claiming them as Naturopathy Institute / Hospital.

Just as is the case with any other science, its principles have to be adhered to closely by all practitioners to ensure efficiency and efficacy. Failure to do so should be nothing less than a punishable offense. Naturopathy differs from other traditional systems of medicine in that its approach is completely drugless.

• These two factors make it difficult for certified, educated naturopaths to do their job well and get the recognition they need from their colleagues in other streams.
• However, as lifestyle diseases are taking a lead, all over the world, naturopaths are only set to assume bigger importance as healthcare providers.
• ( The write is Senior Chairman, Jindal Naturecure Institute)

: Regulations needed for naturopathy

How much does treatment cost in India?

Price list of Treatments and Surgeries in India

Treatment & Procedures	Cost of range in (Rupees)
Brain tumor surgery cost in India	₹ 4,50,000 – 7,50,000
Cancer screening cost in India	₹ 20,000 – 25,000
Colon cancer treatment cost in India	₹ 4,00,000 – 5,00,000
Deep brain stimulation cost in India	₹ 12,00,000 – 16,00,000