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Summary – Endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue is present outside the uterus or womb. The tissue grows and bleeds with hormone changes, like the lining of the uterus. This can irritate, inflame, or place pressure on the nerves in the pelvis, causing leg pain.

Is it normal to have muscle pain during period?

INTRODUCTION – In the feature of women, menstruation has a comprehensive significance in terms of biological, cultural, social, and personal aspects. Menstruation is a periodic change which plays an important role in women’s physical, emotional development, and reproduction ( Granot et al., 2001 ).

Dysmenorrhea, a term for menstrual discomfort, refers to menstrual pain that happens when prostaglandins cause excessive uterus contractions. Prostaglandins cause pain in the uterus and the stomach, as well as nausea, headache, and diarrhea. Menstrual pain is a form of dull splanchnic pain; it is non-localized and often hard to describe the pain site.

Such pain might be felt in bones, muscles, and skin around organs ( Kim and Kim, 2012 ). Various treatments have been recommended to women to relieve menstrual pain. It is difficult to clarify the exact cause of menstrual pain, looking for proper treatments are also not so easy.

Pain is caused by tissue damage, and pain induces emotionally unpleasant experience. Pain is the most common clinical symptom. However, its mechanism has not been clearly identified ( Sirianni et al., 2015 ). Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), radiculopathy, and osteoarthritis are some of the most common causes of acute or chronic pain.

It was reported that MPS is the etiology of chronic pain about 40% ( Kwon et al., 2008 ). MPS initiated oppressive leg or back pain, although the etiology is unknown ( Giamberardino et al., 2011 ). Although the mechanism of pre and post-menstruation pain is different to the musculoskeletal pain, they are often confused when reporting pain.

1. The study on the relationship between musculoskeletal and menstrual pain, it may provide a reasonable method to reduce menstrual pain.
2. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the region of menstrual pain and the region of MPS which is the main cause of musculoskeletal pain.

In addition, we evaluated the changes and relationships among the menstrual pain-related factors, pain level, pain area, activity, appetite, mood, and sleeping pattern.

What is a period for boys?

Male Menstruation – Male menstruation is not a regular cycle and neither is it normal; therefore requires body awareness to identify issues and seek treatment. It can be an indication of a condition that requires immediate medical attention. Male menstruation refers to the bleeding from a boy’s genitals due to various health problems including:

Schistosomiasis: This is usually the leading cause of urinary bleeding in boys. Schistosomiasis is caused by the parasite Schistosoma haematobium, One of the symptoms of the disease is traces of blood in urine and stool (5), It was so common in the ancient times that people in Egypt expected adolescent boys to go through a ‘male menarche i X The onset of menstruation.’. The disease is spread through freshwater that contains schistosomes. The parasitic flatworms enter the human skin by boring a hole in it. Along with bleeding from the genitals, a person may show symptoms like blisters on skin, swollen abdomen and constant stomach ache.

Image: Shutterstock

Kidney infection: Numerous kidney ailments such as infections and stones could lead to blood in the urine (6), Kidney infections that can lead to a condition of male menstruation are commonly caused by bacteria. These infections interfere with the kidney’s ability to purify the blood and may cause them to leach blood out from the bloodstream into the ureter, which ultimately comes into the urinary bladder. Kidney stones may also cause blood in the urine. This commonly occurs due to bruising of the nephrons i X A part of the kidney that filters and clears waste from the blood. in the kidneys that may cause them to bleed.

Tumor in bladder, kidney or prostate: A genitourinary i X Related to genitals and excretory organs. tumor is quite likely to cause bleeding from genitals. The cancerous growth could occur either in the urinary bladder, kidney or on the ureters (7), Blood from the genitals and pain during urination are classic symptoms of the ailment. Cancerous growths can interfere with the normal functioning of the urogenital i X Related to urinary and reproductive organs. organs causing them to leak blood in the urine.

Urinary tract infection: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) have similar causes as kidney infection. It usually occurs due to exposure of the urinary tract to bacteria, such as coli or Staphylococcus saprophyticus, of which the former is the most common cause. Boys are more prone to this infection until the age of one. After the age of two, it is far more common in girls. However, it is less common in males compared to females and often sexually transmitted (8), Maintaining general hygiene and drinking plenty of water is the best way to prevent UTIs.

Certain drugs: Some drugs may cause bleeding from the genitals as a side effect. Drugs that help in blood thinning or aspirin-type medications, penicillins, and sulfa-containing drugs can cause blood to seep from the blood vessels in the kidneys to the urine (9),

Quick fact Inflammation of the testicles or tube that stores and carries sperm (epididymo-orchitis) is a condition that can also cause bleeding from the penis ( 12 ). Image: Shutterstock Transgender males may get their periods until they undergo hormone replacement treatments or hysterectomy (removal of the uterus). Trans-men may not get their periods if there are hormonal imbalances and need to seek medical care if they experience changes in the menstrual cycle.

1. So, the answer to “Do boys have periods?” is a clear no.
2. Unlike the female reproductive system, boys do not have uterus and thus menstruation cannot occur.
3. Therefore, it is biologically impossible for boys to have periods.
4. However, boys during puberty may undergo mood swings or other emotional changes due to changing levels of the male sex hormone testosterone.

Seek medical attention if your boy complains of blood leaking from his private parts, as it may indicate some severe underlying conditions, infections, or injury.

Why am I so tired on my period?

Extreme Tiredness May Be An Underlying Medical Condition – Heavy menstrual bleeding often causes women to feel tired, commonly known as period fatigue. This is normal due to the decrease in oestrogen levels, which occurs around this point in your menstrual cycle.

1. Your energy levels will usually return to normal within a few days as your hormone levels begin to increase again.
2. However, for some women, period fatigue and mood swings may last longer and be more extreme.
3. Some women may experience pre-menstrual symptoms and find themselves completely sluggish and unable to properly carry out routine activities, signifying something more severe.

This should be investigated as there could, in fact, be a medical reason or underlining as to why your energy levels are low and you feel so fatigued during your period. You may generally be a person whose periods cause them to feel more tired than others, or you might have an underlying medical issue like anaemia or an underactive thyroid.

Is leg pain a symptom of anything?

Leg pain is a symptom with many possible causes. Most leg pain results from wear and tear or overuse. It also can result from injuries or health conditions in joints, bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons, nerves or other soft tissues. Some types of leg pain can be traced to problems in your lower spine.

1. Gout
2. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (formerly known as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis)
3. Osteoarthritis
4. Pseudogout
5. Psoriatic arthritis
6. Reactive arthritis
7. Rheumatoid arthritis

Blood flow problems

1. Claudication
2. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
3. Peripheral artery disease (PAD)
4. Thrombophlebitis
5. Varicose veins

Bone conditions

1. Ankylosing spondylitis
2. Bone cancer
3. Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
4. Osteochondritis dissecans
5. Paget’s disease of bone

Infection

1. Cellulitis
2. Infection
3. Osteomyelitis
4. Septic arthritis

Injury

1. Achilles tendinitis
2. Achilles tendon rupture
3. ACL injury
4. Broken leg
5. Bursitis
6. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome
7. Growth plate fractures
8. Hamstring injury
9. Knee bursitis
10. Muscle strains
11. Patellar tendinitis
12. Patellofemoral pain syndrome
13. Shin splints
14. Sprains
15. Stress fractures
16. Tendinitis
17. Torn meniscus

Nerve problems

1. Herniated disk
2. Meralgia paresthetica
3. Peripheral neuropathy
4. Sciatica
5. Spinal stenosis

Muscle conditions

1. Dermatomyositis
2. Medicines, especially the cholesterol medicines known as statins
3. Myositis
4. Polymyositis

Other problems

1. Baker cyst
2. Growing pains
3. Muscle cramp
4. Night leg cramps
5. Restless legs syndrome
6. Low levels of certain vitamins, such as vitamin D
7. Too much or too little of electrolytes, such as calcium or potassium

Causes shown here are commonly associated with this symptom. Work with your doctor or other health care professional for an accurate diagnosis.

What should I eat for weakness during my period?

Diet – A growing body of evidence suggests diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as fish, calcium and vitamin D, and low in animal fats, salt and caffeine may reduce the risk of troublesome PMS symptoms. Avoiding salt can help reduce fluid retention, abdominal bloating, breast swelling and pain.

1. High caffeine intake can cause irritability, poor sleep and menstrual cramps.
2. A healthy diet is high in vegetables (five serves daily), fruit (two serves per day), nuts, seeds, fish (up to three servings per week) and other sources of omega-3 foods such as flax or chia seeds, low-fat dairy food, proteins such as legumes and eggs, and a variety of wholegrains such as rice (brown, basmati, doongara), traditional rolled oats, buckwheat flour, wholegrain breads (rye, essene, spelt, kamut), wholemeal pasta, couscous, millet or amaranth.

Lean meat (red meat or chicken) is an important source of iron and protein, especially for women with heavy periods. Avoid saturated fats such as butter, cream, bacon and potato chips; limit salt and caffeine. Drink more water and herbal teas such as chamomile.